The Irrawaddy freshwater dolphin is found in three river systems: the Ayeyarwady in Myanmar, the Mahakam in Indonesia and the Mekong in Cambodia. All three sub-populations are critically endangered.
The most recent estimates suggest each population has declined to fewer than 90 animals due to a number of threats. Fishing practices, including illegal electrofishing, and habitat degradation are the most urgent concerns. The Irrawaddy's riverine habitat is vulnerable to damning, embankment and other construction projects which restrict range of the dolphin, whilst agricultural and industrial run-off pollution has led to increasing levels of heavy metal in the water.
The CMP was endorsed in 2024. Its overall objective is to build collaboration between the three range states to tackle the most pressing threat from fishing practices through improved management of protected areas, community engagement in patrols, providing alternative livelihoods, and promoting sustainable fishing practices and co-existence between local communities and dolphins.
Priority work areas
- Strengthening national fisheries policies and legal frameworks
- Building harmony and co-existence between river dolphins and fishers
- Raising awareness, enhancing knowledge and databases
- Establishing habitat connectivity through area-based conservation measures and effective protection measures
Read the Conservation Management Plan for Irrwadaddy's dolphin
